開閉所、配電房、變電所、變壓站的區別你知道嗎？發布時間：2016-05-18 10:39:29

開閉所、配電(dian)房、變(bian)電(dian)所、變(bian)壓站有區別嗎？ 

1.：是全金屬密閉，能(neng)夠在(zai)室(shi)外運行的10KV電壓等級以(yi)下的開關柜組合；

2.配電(dian)房：電(dian)壓等(deng)級(ji)在(zai)35KV等(deng)級(ji)以下，內部(bu)安(an)裝有開關、互感器、電(dian)容器以及相關的保護測量裝置； 

3.變(bian)電所：一般指電壓(ya)等級在(zai)110KV以(yi)下的(de)降壓(ya)變(bian)電站； 

4.變(bian)電站：各種(zhong)電壓等級的升壓、降壓變(bian)電站。 上述四個(ge)名稱(cheng)，一(yi)個(ge)比(bi)一(yi)個(ge)大。 

開(kai)(kai)閉(bi)所(suo)—sub-feeder switching post：指不進行電(dian)(dian)壓變換而(er)用開(kai)(kai)關(guan)設備實現電(dian)(dian)路開(kai)(kai)閉(bi)的配電(dian)(dian)所(suo)。      

位置：設在車站(zhan)、貨場附近、電力機務段、樞(shu)紐站(zhan)等大宗負荷處。 

作(zuo)用(yong)：將供電臂分段，事故時縮小(xiao)事故范圍，提高供電的可靠性、靈活性；減(jian)少變(bian)(bian)電所(suo)的復雜性；不改(gai)變(bian)(bian)電壓大(da)(da)小(xiao)，只(zhi)擴大(da)(da)饋線回(hui)路數，相當(dang)于配電所(suo)。  

分區亭(ting)（SP，分區所(suo)）—section post：設置于兩個牽引變電(dian)所(suo)的中間，可使兩相鄰的接(jie)觸(chu)網供電(dian)區段實現并聯或(huo)單獨工作。 

位置：設在兩個牽引變電(dian)所中(zhong)間，增加供(gong)電(dian)的(de)靈活性、可(ke)靠性       

作用：分相；越區供電；縮小事故的范圍。

箱變(bian)：箱式變(bian)壓(ya)器， 一般是把高(gao)壓(ya)變(bian)成低壓(ya)，例如把10kv的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)路經(jing)變(bian)壓(ya)器變(bian)成380v的(de)(de)(de)工作用(yong)電壓(ya)。 臨(lin)時箱變(bian)：臨(lin)時用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)就是臨(lin)時箱變(bian)么(me)，比如某工地的(de)(de)(de)臨(lin)時變(bian)壓(ya)器，將(jiang)來要拆除的(de)(de)(de)，不做永久保留使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)； 

配電(dian)房(fang)(fang)：蓋個房(fang)(fang)子，把變壓器放進去，還有進出(chu)線柜之類的，就成配電(dian)房(fang)(fang)（室）了，(*^__^*) ； 

規(gui)模較大的，多臺變壓(ya)(ya)器、高壓(ya)(ya)柜、低壓(ya)(ya)柜等等各種，完成變壓(ya)(ya)、分(fen)配電能的一個(ge)獨(du)立場所，或建筑物內(nei)(nei)的一個(ge)區域內(nei)(nei)。  

開閉所(suo)一般2路(lu)電(dian)源，轉(zhuan)供容(rong)量8000KW左右(you)，向地塊或區域的變(bian)配(pei)電(dian)室提供中(zhong)壓電(dian)源。變(bian)電(dian)所(suo)顧名思義就是(shi)變(bian)電(dian)，主要是(shi)中(zhong)壓變(bian)壓提供低壓電(dian)源。 

變(bian)(bian)電站(zhan)也是(shi)變(bian)(bian)電，但主(zhu)要是(shi)高(gao)壓(ya)變(bian)(bian)電中壓(ya)，或高(gao)壓(ya)變(bian)(bian)電低一級高(gao)壓(ya)，變(bian)(bian)電站(zhan)占(zhan)地(di)較大，根

據不(bu)(bu)(bu)同電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等(deng)級(ji)及容(rong)量不(bu)(bu)(bu)同占地不(bu)(bu)(bu)同。變(bian)(bian)、配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)主要指(zhi)小區或(huo)大樓等(deng)的變(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)間，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)帶變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)，配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)應不(bu)(bu)(bu)帶變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)。配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)如照(zhao)明(ming)、動(dong)力配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)等(deng)，配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)最后(hou)幾(ji)級(ji)。 

配電(dian)箱 switch box；distribution box 按電(dian)氣接線要求將開關設(she)備、測量儀表、保護電(dian)器(qi)和

輔助設備組裝在封(feng)閉或(huo)(huo)半(ban)封(feng)閉金屬柜中(zhong)或(huo)(huo)屏幅上，構成低(di)壓配電(dian)(dian)裝置。正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)時(shi)可(ke)借(jie)助手動或(huo)(huo)自(zi)動開關(guan)接通或(huo)(huo)分斷電(dian)(dian)路。故(gu)障或(huo)(huo)不正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)時(shi)借(jie)助保護電(dian)(dian)器切(qie)斷電(dian)(dian)路或(huo)(huo)報警。借(jie)測量儀表可(ke)顯示運(yun)(yun)行(xing)中(zhong)的各(ge)(ge)種參數，還可(ke)對(dui)某些(xie)電(dian)(dian)氣參數進(jin)(jin)行(xing)調(diao)整，對(dui)偏離正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)工作狀態進(jin)(jin)行(xing)提示或(huo)(huo)發出信號。常(chang)(chang)用于(yu)各(ge)(ge)發、配、變電(dian)(dian)所中(zhong)。   

什么是配電箱？   

是(shi)所有用(yong)戶用(yong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)總(zong)的(de)一個電(dian)(dian)路分配箱，用(yong)途是(shi)什(shen)么？   

便于(yu)管理,當發生電路故障時有利(li)于(yu)檢修.   

配電(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)和(he)配電(dian)柜、配電(dian)盤、配電(dian)憑等，是(shi)集中安裝開關、儀(yi)表(biao)等設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)成套裝置。   常用的(de)(de)(de)(de)配電(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)有木制(zhi)和(he)鐵(tie)板(ban)制(zhi)兩(liang)種，現在哪兒的(de)(de)(de)(de)用電(dian)量都(dou)挺大的(de)(de)(de)(de)，所以還是(shi)鐵(tie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)比較多。   

用途：停、送電，起(qi)到計(ji)量和判(pan)斷(duan)停、送電的作用。     

開閉所、配電(dian)(dian)箱、變電(dian)(dian)所、配電(dian)(dian)所、變電(dian)(dian)站怎么(me)區別(bie) 

開(kai)閉(bi)所一般2路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，轉供(gong)(gong)容量(liang)8000KW左右(you)，向地(di)(di)塊或區域的變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)室提供(gong)(gong)中壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。 變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所顧名思義就是(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)中壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)提供(gong)(gong)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)也(ye)是(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，但主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中壓(ya)(ya)，或高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)低(di)一級高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)占地(di)(di)較大，根據不(bu)同(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)級及容量(liang)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)占地(di)(di)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)。 

變(bian)(bian)、配(pei)電(dian)所(suo)(suo)主(zhu)要(yao)指小區或大樓(lou)等(deng)的(de)變(bian)(bian)配(pei)電(dian)間(jian)，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)所(suo)(suo)帶變(bian)(bian)壓器，配(pei)電(dian)所(suo)(suo)應(ying)不帶變(bian)(bian)壓器。 

配電(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)如照明、動(dong)力配電(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)等(deng)，配電(dian)(dian)最后(hou)幾級。 配電(dian)(dian)箱(xiang) switch box；distribution box 按電(dian)(dian)氣接(jie)線要求將開關設備、測量儀表、保護電(dian)(dian)器(qi)和(he)輔助設備組裝(zhuang)在封閉或(huo)(huo)半封閉金屬柜中或(huo)(huo)屏幅上，構成低壓配電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。正(zheng)常運行時(shi)可(ke)借(jie)助手動(dong)或(huo)(huo)自(zi)動(dong)開關接(jie)通或(huo)(huo)分斷電(dian)(dian)路。故障或(huo)(huo)不正(zheng)常運行時(shi)借(jie)助保護電(dian)(dian)器(qi)切斷電(dian)(dian)路或(huo)(huo)報警(jing)。借(jie)測量儀表可(ke)顯示(shi)運行中的各種(zhong)參數(shu)，還可(ke)對某些電(dian)(dian)氣參數(shu)進(jin)行調整，對偏離正(zheng)常工作狀(zhuang)態進(jin)行提(ti)示(shi)或(huo)(huo)發出信號(hao)。常用于(yu)各發、配、變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所中。   

什么是配電(dian)箱？   

是所有用(yong)戶用(yong)電(dian)的(de)總的(de)一個電(dian)路分配箱.   

用(yong)途(tu)是什么？   

便(bian)于(yu)管理(li),當發生(sheng)電路故障時有利于(yu)檢修.   

配電(dian)(dian)箱和配電(dian)(dian)柜、配電(dian)(dian)盤、配電(dian)(dian)憑等，是(shi)(shi)集中安裝(zhuang)開關、儀表等設備的成套裝(zhuang)置。   常(chang)用的配電(dian)(dian)箱有木制(zhi)和鐵(tie)板制(zhi)兩種，現在哪兒的用電(dian)(dian)量(liang)都挺大的，所以(yi)還是(shi)(shi)鐵(tie)的用的比(bi)較多。   

用(yong)途：停、送電，起到(dao)計(ji)量和判斷停、送電的(de)作用(yong)。 

變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(Substation）是把一些設(she)備組裝起來，用以切斷或接通、改變(bian)(bian)或者調(diao)整電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統中(zhong)，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的集結點，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)主(zhu)要分為：升壓變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，主(zhu)網變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，二(er)次(ci)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。  

變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統中變(bian)(bian)換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、接受和(he)分配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能、控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)的流向和(he)調(diao)整電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)設(she)(she)(she)施，它通過其變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)將各級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網聯系(xi)起來。   變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)起變(bian)(bian)換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓作用的設(she)(she)(she)備是(shi)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)，除此(ci)之外，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的設(she)(she)(she)備還有開(kai)閉(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的開(kai)關(guan)設(she)(she)(she)備，匯集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的母線，計(ji)量和(he)控制(zhi)用互感(gan)器(qi)、儀表、繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)裝置和(he)防雷保(bao)護(hu)裝置、調(diao)度通信裝置等，有的變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)還有無功(gong)補(bu)償設(she)(she)(she)備。 變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的主要設(she)(she)(she)備和(he)連接方式(shi)，按其功(gong)能不同而有差異。   

變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)是變(bian)電站的主要設備(bei)，分(fen)為雙繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)、三繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)和自耦變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)即高、低壓(ya)每相共用一(yi)個繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)，從高壓(ya)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)中(zhong)間抽出(chu)一(yi)個頭作為低壓(ya)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)的出(chu)線的變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)。電壓(ya)高低與(yu)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)匝數(shu)成正比，電流(liu)則與(yu)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)匝數(shu)成反比。   

變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)按(an)其作用可分(fen)為升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)和降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。前(qian)者(zhe)用于電(dian)力(li)系統(tong)送端變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)，后者(zhe)用于受(shou)端變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)。變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)需與電(dian)力(li)系統(tong)的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)相(xiang)適應。為了在(zai)不同負荷(he)情況下(xia)保(bao)持合格的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)有時需要切換變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)分(fen)接頭。   

按分接(jie)頭(tou)切換(huan)方式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)有帶(dai)負荷有載(zai)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)和無(wu)負荷無(wu)載(zai)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)。有載(zai)調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)主要用(yong)于受(shou)端變(bian)電站。   

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)互(hu)(hu)感(gan)器(qi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流互(hu)(hu)感(gan)器(qi)。它(ta)們的(de)工作原理和(he)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)相似(si)，它(ta)們把高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)設備(bei)和(he)母(mu)線的(de)運行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)、大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流即設備(bei)和(he)母(mu)線的(de)負荷(he)或(huo)短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流按(an)規(gui)定比(bi)例(li)變(bian)成測量儀表、繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)及控制設備(bei)的(de)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。在額定運行情況(kuang)下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)互(hu)(hu)感(gan)器(qi)二(er)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)l00V，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流互(hu)(hu)感(gan)器(qi)二(er)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)5A或(huo)1A。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流互(hu)(hu)感(gan)器(qi)的(de)二(er)次繞組經常與負荷(he)相連近于短路(lu),請注意:絕不(bu)能讓其開路(lu)，否則將因(yin)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)而危及設備(bei)和(he)人(ren)身(shen)安全或(huo)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流互(hu)(hu)感(gan)器(qi)燒毀(hui)。   

開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)設(she)備(bei)。它包括斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)、隔離(li)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)、負(fu)荷(he)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)、高壓(ya)熔斷(duan)器(qi)等都是斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)和(he)合上電路(lu)的(de)(de)設(she)備(bei)。斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)在(zai)電力(li)系統正(zheng)常運行情況下用來合上和(he)斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)電路(lu)故障時(shi)在(zai)繼電保護裝置控制下自動把故障設(she)備(bei)和(he)線路(lu)斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)(kai)，還可(ke)以(yi)有自動重合閘功能。在(zai)我國，220kV以(yi)上變電站使用較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)(de)是空氣斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)和(he)六氟化硫(liu)斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)。   

隔離(li)開關(guan)（刀閘)的主要作用(yong)是在(zai)設備或線路檢(jian)修(xiu)時隔離(li)電壓，以保證安(an)全(quan)。它不能斷(duan)(duan)(duan)開負荷電流和(he)短路電流，應與斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路器(qi)配合使用(yong)。在(zai)停電時應先拉斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路器(qi)后(hou)拉隔離(li)開關(guan)，送(song)電時應先合隔離(li)開關(guan)后(hou)合斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路器(qi)。如果誤操作將引起設備損(sun)壞(huai)和(he)人(ren)身傷(shang)亡。   

負荷(he)(he)開關(guan)能在正(zheng)常運行時斷(duan)開負荷(he)(he)電流沒有斷(duan)開故障(zhang)電流的(de)能力，一般與高(gao)壓熔斷(duan)絲配合用(yong)于10kV及以上電壓且不經(jing)常操作的(de)變壓器或出線上。   

為了(le)減少變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站的占(zhan)地(di)面積近(jin)年來積極發展(zhan)六氟(fu)化硫全封閉組合電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(GIS)。它把斷路器(qi)、隔離開關、母線、接地(di)開關、互感器(qi)、出線套管(guan)或電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜終(zhong)端頭等分別裝在各自密封間中集中組成(cheng)一(yi)個整(zheng)體外殼(ke)充以六氟(fu)化硫氣(qi)體作為絕緣介質。這(zhe)種(zhong)組合電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)具有(you)結(jie)構(gou)緊湊體積小重量輕不(bu)受大(da)氣(qi)條(tiao)件(jian)影響(xiang)，檢(jian)修(xiu)間隔長，無觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)事故和電(dian)(dian)(dian)噪聲干擾等優點(dian)，具有(you)發展(zhan)前(qian)765kV已(yi)在變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站投(tou)人運行。目前(qian)，它的缺點(dian)是價格貴(gui)，制造和檢(jian)修(xiu)工藝要求高(gao)。   

變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)還裝有防雷(lei)(lei)設(she)備，主要有避雷(lei)(lei)針和避雷(lei)(lei)器(qi)。避雷(lei)(lei)針是為了防止變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)遭受(shou)直接雷(lei)(lei)擊將雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)對(dui)其自(zi)身放電(dian)把雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)流引入(ru)大地。在變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)附(fu)近(jin)的(de)線(xian)路(lu)上落雷(lei)(lei)時(shi)雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)波會(hui)沿導線(xian)進(jin)入(ru)變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)，產(chan)生(sheng)過電(dian)壓。另外，斷路(lu)器(qi)操作(zuo)等也會(hui)引起過電(dian)壓。避雷(lei)(lei)器(qi)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是當過電(dian)壓超過一(yi)定限值時(shi)，自(zi)動對(dui)地放電(dian)降(jiang)低電(dian)壓保護設(she)備放電(dian)后又迅速自(zi)動滅弧，保證系統正常運行。目前(qian)，使用(yong)最(zui)多的(de)是氧化鋅避雷(lei)(lei)器(qi)。